All three of our Wessex
saddleback sows produced their second litters with very poor outcomes, a total
of ten robust healthy piglets out of thirty-three born. Very different from
their first litters when we had thirty-three happy healthy piglets.
So what went wrong this time?
It turns out I killed them with
kindness.
The sows were just too fat and
the piglets just too big. It’s very disappointing to sit with the sow giving
birth and stillbirth follows stillbirth. It’s probably no coincident that those
that did survive the birth were all the smallest piglets.
After talking to pig farmers with
thirty odd years experience breeding pigs, I now have a better understanding of
what is required. I learnt that new born piglets around two kg or more birth
weight are way too big, turns out we should be aiming for around 900 – 1000
grams for these old breeds.
The extra size is obvious, at
four or five days old these piglets are large enough to feed while mum is
standing.
While suckling large litters the
first time round, the sows lost a lot of condition very quickly even though we
were feeding them ten kg a day of a high protein lactating sow pig feed. By the
time the piglets were weaned at around ten weeks, the sows were looking a little
tired and a little bony - in pig terms around a fat score 2.5 This time I was going to be better prepared
and doubled their daily feed ration during their pregnancy. I thought I was
doing the right thing, the sows all looked fat, contented and happy but they
were hiding a steadily developing catastrophe. A lot of that that extra feed
went to create ever-larger piglets.
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Ten fat happy little pigs |
At least we were able to prevent
such problems with our Tamworths. I immediately reduced their feed and while they are still overweight two of
our Tamworths have produced sixteen healthy little Tamworth piglets and the third sow due in a couple of days.
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Meave, registered name Glen Eyrie Elaine X273, with her eight piglets. |
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Only hours old, they enjoy the heat lamp. |
I must be a little soft for I
hate seeing old pigs in the sale yards, they always seem to get so distressed,
a lifetime of service to be reduced to low value pork. The young animals are
different – insular and confident in their surroundings. For our breeding sows Leven River
Farm is their home for the rest of their natural life and as a pig can live ten
to fourteen years this takes a serious commitment. I find I am not alone in
this attitude, I know of at least one farm that ceased to operate a commercial
piggery many years ago and the breeding herd has slowly shrunk to a single
elderly sow contentedly wandering the paddocks around the piggery where she
grew up.
It has become fashionable to
label pork bred free range where the piglets are born outdoors and move
into an intensive growing shed as soon as they can be weaned at around three
weeks of age, but we have chosen the opposite direction, our piglets are born
indoors and grow up free range. The sows come into the heated farrowing pens
just before farrowing and return to the paddock three or four days later with
their piglets in tow. I think this is best for their welfare as we can minimise the risk of the sow lying on her new born piglets and also keep them warm while young and vulnerable.